WindowManager介绍
通过Context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE)可以获得 WindowManager
对象。
每一个WindowManager对象都和一个特定的 Display
绑定。
想要获取一个不同的display的WindowManager,可以用 createDisplayContext(Display)
来获取那个display的 Context
,之后再使用:
Context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE)来获取WindowManager。
使用WindowManager可以在其他应用最上层,甚至手机桌面最上层显示窗口。
调用的是WindowManager继承自基类的addView方法和removeView方法来显示和隐藏窗口。具体见后面的实例。
另:API 17推出了Presentation
,它将自动获取display的Context和WindowManager,可以方便地在另一个display上显示窗口。
WindowManager实现悬浮窗例子
声明权限
首先在manifest中添加如下权限:
<span style="color: #008000;"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 显示顶层浮窗 </span><span style="color: #008000;">--></span>
<uses-permission android:name=”android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW” />
注意:在MIUI上需要在设置中打开本应用的”显示悬浮窗”开关,并且重启应用,否则悬浮窗只能显示在本应用界面内,不能显示在手机桌面上。
服务获取和基本参数设置
<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 获取应用的Context</span>
mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
// 获取WindowManager
mWindowManager = (WindowManager) mContext
.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
参数设置:
<span style="color: #0000ff;">final</span> WindowManager.LayoutParams params = <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> WindowManager.LayoutParams();</span>
// 类型
params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;
// WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT
// 设置flag
int flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_ALT_FOCUSABLE_IM;
// | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE;
// 如果设置了WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE,弹出的View收不到Back键的事件
params.flags = flags;
// 不设置这个弹出框的透明遮罩显示为黑色
params.format = PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT;
// FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL不阻塞事件传递到后面的窗口
// 设置 FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE 悬浮窗口较小时,后面的应用图标由不可长按变为可长按
// 不设置这个flag的话,home页的划屏会有问题
params.width = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
params.height = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
params.gravity = Gravity.CENTER;
点击和按键事件
除了View中的各个控件的点击事件之外,弹窗View的消失控制需要一些处理。
点击弹窗外部可隐藏弹窗的效果,首先,悬浮窗是全屏的,只不过最外层的是透明或者半透明的:
布局如下:
<span style="color: #0000ff;"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff;">xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">?></span>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android”
android:layout_width=”match_parent”
android:layout_height=”match_parent”
android:layout_gravity=”center”
android:background=”@color/darken_background”
android:gravity=”center”
android:orientation=”vertical” >
<RelativeLayout
android:id=”@+id/popup_window”
android:layout_width=”@dimen/dialog_window_width”
android:layout_height=”@dimen/dialog_window_height”
android:background=”@color/white”
android:orientation=”vertical” >
<TextView
android:id=”@+id/title”
android:layout_width=”match_parent”
android:layout_height=”@dimen/dialog_title_height”
android:gravity=”center”
android:text=”@string/default_title”
android:textColor=”@color/dialog_title_text_color”
android:textSize=”@dimen/dialog_title_text_size” />
<View
android:id=”@+id/title_divider”
android:layout_width=”match_parent”
android:layout_height=”2dp”
android:layout_below=”@id/title”
android:background=”@drawable/dialog_title_divider” />
<TextView
android:id=”@+id/content”
android:layout_width=”match_parent”
android:layout_height=”wrap_content”
android:layout_below=”@id/title_divider”
android:gravity=”center”
android:padding=”@dimen/dialog_content_padding_side”
android:text=”@string/default_content”
android:textColor=”@color/dialog_content_text_color”
android:textSize=”@dimen/dialog_content_text_size” />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width=”match_parent”
android:layout_height=”wrap_content”
android:layout_alignParentBottom=”true”
android:orientation=”horizontal”
android:paddingBottom=”@dimen/dialog_content_padding_bottom”
android:paddingLeft=”@dimen/dialog_content_padding_side”
android:paddingRight=”@dimen/dialog_content_padding_side” >
<Button
android:id=”@+id/negativeBtn”
android:layout_width=”wrap_content”
android:layout_height=”wrap_content”
android:layout_weight=”1″
android:background=”@drawable/promote_window_negative_btn_selector”
android:focusable=”true”
android:padding=”@dimen/dialog_button_padding”
android:text=”@string/default_btn_cancel”
android:textColor=”@color/dialog_negative_btn_text_color”
android:textSize=”@dimen/dialog_button_text_size” />
<Button
android:id=”@+id/positiveBtn”
android:layout_width=”wrap_content”
android:layout_height=”wrap_content”
android:layout_marginLeft=”18dp”
android:layout_weight=”1″
android:background=”@drawable/promote_window_positive_btn_selector”
android:focusable=”true”
android:padding=”@dimen/dialog_button_padding”
android:text=”@string/default_btn_ok”
android:textColor=”@color/dialog_positive_btn_text_color”
android:textSize=”@dimen/dialog_button_text_size” />
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
</LinearLayout>
popupwindow.xml
点击外部可消除设置:
<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 点击窗口外部区域可消除</span>
// 这点的实现主要将悬浮窗设置为全屏大小,外层有个透明背景,中间一部分视为内容区域
// 所以点击内容区域外部视为点击悬浮窗外部
final View popupWindowView = view.findViewById(R.id.popup_window);// 非透明的内容区域
view.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “onTouch”);
int x = (int) event.getX();
int y = (int) event.getY();
Rect rect = new Rect();
popupWindowView.getGlobalVisibleRect(rect);
if (!rect.contains(x, y)) {
WindowUtils.hidePopupWindow();
}
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “onTouch : ” + x + “, ” + y + “, rect: ”
+ rect);
return false;
}
});
点击Back键可隐藏弹窗:
注意Flag不能设置WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE。
<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 点击back键可消除</span>
view.setOnKeyListener(new OnKeyListener() {
@Override
public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
switch (keyCode) {
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK:
WindowUtils.hidePopupWindow();
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
});
完整效果
完整代码:
<span style="color: #0000ff;">package</span><span style="color: #000000;"> com.example.hellowindow;</span>
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Handler mHandler = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mHandler = new Handler();
Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
WindowUtils.showPopupWindow(MainActivity.this);
}
}, 1000 * 3);
}
});
}
}
MainActivity
<span style="color: #0000ff;">package</span><span style="color: #000000;"> com.example.hellowindow;</span>
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnKeyListener;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.WindowManager.LayoutParams;
import android.widget.Button;
/**
* 弹窗辅助类
*
* @ClassName WindowUtils
*
*
*/
public class WindowUtils {
private static final String LOG_TAG = “WindowUtils”;
private static View mView = null;
private static WindowManager mWindowManager = null;
private static Context mContext = null;
public static Boolean isShown = false;
/**
* 显示弹出框
*
* @param context
* @param view
*/
public static void showPopupWindow(final Context context) {
if (isShown) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “return cause already shown”);
return;
}
isShown = true;
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “showPopupWindow”);
// 获取应用的Context
mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
// 获取WindowManager
mWindowManager = (WindowManager) mContext
.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
mView = setUpView(context);
final WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
// 类型
params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;
// WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT
// 设置flag
int flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_ALT_FOCUSABLE_IM;
// | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE;
// 如果设置了WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE,弹出的View收不到Back键的事件
params.flags = flags;
// 不设置这个弹出框的透明遮罩显示为黑色
params.format = PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT;
// FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL不阻塞事件传递到后面的窗口
// 设置 FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE 悬浮窗口较小时,后面的应用图标由不可长按变为可长按
// 不设置这个flag的话,home页的划屏会有问题
params.width = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
params.height = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
params.gravity = Gravity.CENTER;
mWindowManager.addView(mView, params);
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “add view”);
}
/**
* 隐藏弹出框
*/
public static void hidePopupWindow() {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “hide ” + isShown + “, ” + mView);
if (isShown && null != mView) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “hidePopupWindow”);
mWindowManager.removeView(mView);
isShown = false;
}
}
private static View setUpView(final Context context) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “setUp view”);
View view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.popupwindow,
null);
Button positiveBtn = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.positiveBtn);
positiveBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “ok on click”);
// 打开安装包
// 隐藏弹窗
WindowUtils.hidePopupWindow();
}
});
Button negativeBtn = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.negativeBtn);
negativeBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “cancel on click”);
WindowUtils.hidePopupWindow();
}
});
// 点击窗口外部区域可消除
// 这点的实现主要将悬浮窗设置为全屏大小,外层有个透明背景,中间一部分视为内容区域
// 所以点击内容区域外部视为点击悬浮窗外部
final View popupWindowView = view.findViewById(R.id.popup_window);// 非透明的内容区域
view.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “onTouch”);
int x = (int) event.getX();
int y = (int) event.getY();
Rect rect = new Rect();
popupWindowView.getGlobalVisibleRect(rect);
if (!rect.contains(x, y)) {
WindowUtils.hidePopupWindow();
}
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, “onTouch : ” + x + “, ” + y + “, rect: ”
+ rect);
return false;
}
});
// 点击back键可消除
view.setOnKeyListener(new OnKeyListener() {
@Override
public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
switch (keyCode) {
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK:
WindowUtils.hidePopupWindow();
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
});
return view;
}
}
WindowUtils
参考资料
WindowManager:
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/WindowManager.html
参考实例:
http://blog.csdn.net/deng0zhaotai/article/details/16827719
http://www.xsmile.net/?p=538
http://blog.csdn.net/guolin_blog/article/details/8689140
简单说明:
Android之Window、WindowManager与窗口管理:
http://blog.csdn.net/xieqibao/article/details/6567814
Android系统服务-WindowManager:
http://blog.csdn.net/chenyafei617/article/details/6577940
进一步的学习:
老罗的Android之旅:
Android Activity的窗口对象Window的创建过程分析:
http://blog.csdn.net/luoshengyang/article/details/8223770
窗口管理服务WindowManagerService的简要介绍和学习计划:
http://blog.csdn.net/luoshengyang/article/details/8462738
Android核心分析之窗口管理:
http://blog.csdn.net/maxleng/article/details/5557758